Mayankho Okhazikika a Chidebe Chokhoma Mano a Migodi ndi Kugwetsa miyala

Mayankho Okhazikika a Chidebe Chokhoma Mano a Migodi ndi Kugwetsa miyala

Zothetsera zokhoma mano za ndowa zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamigodi ndi kukumba miyala. Makinawa amaonetsetsa kuti mano a ndowa amamangika motetezeka ku zofukula kapena zidebe zonyamula katundu, kukulitsa kudalirika kwa magwiridwe antchito. Components ngatiexcavator chidebe dzino pini ndi lokokapenapini ndi chosungiraperekani mphamvu zofunika kupirira mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri. Makina otsekera otetezedwa amachepetsa kuvala, amateteza kulephera kwa zida, komanso amachepetsa zoopsa zachitetezo. Popanda mayankho awa, nthawi yochepera imawonjezeka, ndipo zokolola zimasokonekera. Zogulitsa mongahex bolt ndi mtedza or kulima bawuti ndi mtedzakupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a zida, kuonetsetsa kulimba pansi pa katundu wolemetsa.

Zofunika Kwambiri

  • Maloko a mano a ndowa amapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yosavuta posunga mano otetezeka komanso kuletsa kusweka kwadzidzidzi.
  • Maloko opanda nyundo ndi otetezeka chifukwa palibe nyundo zomwe zimafunikira, zomwe zimachepetsa mwayi wovulala.
  • Zida zamphamvu monga tungsten carbide ndi nickel alloys zimapangitsa maloko kukhala nthawi yayitali,kuchepetsa ndalama zokonzerandi kuchedwa kwa ntchito.
  • Mapangidwe apadera a ntchito zina zamigodi amathandizira zida kugwira ntchito bwino, kukumba mwachangu, komanso kuyenda bwino.
  • Kutolaogulitsa odalirikamonga Ningbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co., Ltd imakupatsani zinthu zapamwamba zomwe zimatsatira malamulo amakampani.

Kufunika kwa Ma Bucket Tooth Lock Systems

Kupititsa patsogolo Kuchita Bwino mu Migodi ndi Kuweta miyala

Makina otsekera mano a ndowa amathandizira kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a migodi ndi miyala. Makinawa amaonetsetsa kuti mano a ndowa azikhala okhazikika, ngakhale atapanikizika kwambiri. Izi zimachepetsa mwayi wolephera mosayembekezereka, zomwe zingasokoneze kayendedwe ka ntchito. Makina okhoma opanda nyundo, mwachitsanzo, amathandizira chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito pothandizira kusintha m'malo mwachangu komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yopuma.

makonda mayankho, mongaexcavator chidebe dzino pini ndi loko, perekani zojambulazo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi malo enieni a migodi. Kugwirizana ndi ndowa zonse za OEM ndi Bradken zimatsimikizira kuphatikizana kosasunthika, kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito.

Kuchita bwino kwa Metric Kuwongolera Kufotokozera
Kuchita Mwachangu Kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito
Valani Moyo Kutalika kwa nthawi yovala kuti muchepetse nthawi yokonza
Tailored Solutions Mayankho ogwirizana amitundu yosiyanasiyana yamigodi
Kugwirizana Zimagwirizana ndi ndowa zonse za OEM ndi Bradken

Kupita patsogolo kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ntchito zamigodi ndi zogwetsa miyala zikhalebe zogwira mtima pomwe zimachepetsa mtengo wokhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa zida.

Kupititsa patsogolo Miyezo Yachitetezo

Chitetezo chikadali chofunika kwambiri pa migodi ndi miyala. Makina odalirika okhoma mano a ndowa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuti malo ogwirira ntchito azikhala otetezeka. Makina otsekera opanda nyundo amachotsa kufunikira kwa nyundo pakuyika kapena kuchotsa, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chovulala. Kuonjezera apo, machitidwewa amapereka chitetezo chokwanira, kuteteza zida zotayirira zomwe zingayambitse zoopsa kwa ogwira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito pafupi.

Ma hydraulic actuators m'makina otsekera apamwamba amawongolera katundu, kuwonetsetsa bata komanso kupewa kulemetsa. Zomwe zimayamwa modzidzimutsa zimawonjezera chitetezo pochepetsa kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa katundu. Machitidwe ngati makina a Bear-Loc® amakhala ndi katundu kwamuyaya, akupereka ntchito yolephera pazochitika zovuta. Zinthuzi pamodzi zimapanga malo otetezeka komanso odalirika ogwira ntchito.

Kukulitsa Utali Wazida Zazida Zokhala ndi Makina Odalirika Otsekera

Chokhalitsandowa zokhoma machitidweonjezerani moyo wa zida za migodi ndi zokumba miyala. Zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zochokera ku Ulaya zimapereka mphamvu zapadera, zomwe zimathandiza kuti machitidwewa athe kupirira zovuta. Kugawidwa koyenera kwa zida zovala kumatsimikizira otetezera okhalitsa, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa m'malo.

Mbali Umboni
Kudalirika Kwambiri Zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zochokera ku Europe zimapereka mphamvu komanso kukana pazofunikira.
Nthawi Yaitali Yogwira Ntchito Mulingo woyenera kuvala zinthu chiŵerengero ndi kugawa kumabweretsa zotetezera yaitali, kuchepetsa mtengo.
Nthawi Zachidule komanso Zotetezeka Kutsekera kopanda nyundo kumapangitsa chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito, kumabweretsa kutsika kwafupipafupi.

Makina okhoma odalirika, monga pini ya mano a chidebe ndi loko, amayamwanso kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka. Izi zimachepetsa mphamvu ya kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa katundu, kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa zipangizo. Pochepetsa kuwonongeka, machitidwewa amathandizira kupulumutsa ndalama kwanthawi yayitali komanso kubweza bwino pazachuma.

Kusintha Mwamakonda Anu kwa Excavator Bucket Tooth Pin ndi Lock

Kusintha Mwamakonda Anu kwa Excavator Bucket Tooth Pin ndi Lock

Kusankha Zinthu Zokhalitsa ndi Mphamvu

Kusankhidwa kwa zida kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kukhazikika komanso mphamvu zamakina otsekera mano a ndowa. Madera osiyanasiyana amaika patsogolo zinthu zinazake potengera zosowa zogwirira ntchito komanso momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera. Mwachitsanzo:

Chigawo Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Ubwino
kumpoto kwa Amerika Zovala za Tungsten carbide 38% yazogulitsa, zowonjezera zowonjezera kuti zikhale zolimba
South America Zida za Nickel Kukana dzimbiri m'malo acidic
Europe Zida zobwezerezedwanso Kutsata malamulo okhazikika
Scandinavia Mapini amphamvu kwambiri Zofunikira pamakina apamwamba a Arctic
Africa GB-standard zikhomo Kugwirizana ndi makina aku China
Kuulaya Chromium-vanadium aloyi Kutentha-mankhwala chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri

Zidazi zimawonjezera kukana kwa mavalidwe, chitetezo cha dzimbiri, komanso magwiridwe antchito pansi pamikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mapini amphamvu kwambiri ku Scandinavia amatsimikizira kudalirika kwa makina a Arctic-grade, pomwe ma alloys a chromium-vanadium ku Middle East amapirira kutentha kwambiri. Kupita patsogolo kotereku kumatsimikizira kuti pini ya mano ofukula chidebe ndi makina okhoma amakwaniritsa zofunikira zamadera osiyanasiyana amigodi.

Mapangidwe Ogwirizana a Ntchito Zachindunji Zamigodi

Mapangidwe opangidwa mwamakonda amalimbana ndi zovuta zapadera za migodi ndi ntchito zokumba miyala. Opanga tsopano amayang'ana kwambiri mapini okhoma otsogola mwaukadaulo omwe amathandizira kuti asavale komanso achepetse zofunika kukonza. Zipangizo zokomera zachilengedwe zikuyenda bwino, zikugwirizana ndi zolinga zokhazikika padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga makina odzichitira okha kwayendetsa kufunikira kwa makina otsekera olondola. Izi ogwirizana mayankho amaonetsetsa kuti excavator chidebechipini cha mano ndi lokomachitidwe amagwira ntchito bwino, ngakhale pamapulogalamu ovuta kwambiri.

Kugwirizana ndi Excavators ndi Loaders

Kugwirizana ndikofunikira pakuphatikizana kosasinthika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zofukula ndi zonyamula katundu. Zogulitsa monga 8e6358 E320 E300 Excavator Bucket Tooth Lock Pin Attachments zimasonyeza izi popereka zogwirizana ndi zitsanzo za E320 ndi E300. Mofananamo, mndandanda wa New Product 2705-9008 umathandizira makina osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku 0.8-tani mpaka 60-tani zofukula. Chilichonse chimayesedwa mozama, kuphatikiza malipoti oyesa makina ndi kuwunika kwamavidiyo, kuwonetsetsa kuti ndi yabwino komanso yodalirika. Zoyesererazi zikutsimikizira kuti makina otsekera mano a ndowa amakwaniritsa miyezo ya ISO 9001-2008, kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito chidaliro pakugwira ntchito kwa zida zawo.

Ubwino wa Mayankho Okhazikika a Chidebe cha Dzino Lock

Kupititsa patsogolo Kugwira Ntchito ndi Kugwira Ntchito

Mwamakonda Chidebe dzino loko zothetserakukhathamiritsa magwiridwe antchito a zida pantchito zamigodi ndi zokumba miyala. Mapangidwe opangidwira amatsimikizira kukwanira bwino, amachepetsa kutaya mphamvu pakukumba. Njira zotsekera zapamwamba, monga makina opanda nyundo, zimathandizira njira zosinthira, zomwe zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuyang'ana kwambiri zokolola m'malo mokonza.

Langizo:Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukwaniritsa zofukula zapamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsekera zomwe zimapangidwira mitundu ina ya dothi ndi mikhalidwe ya migodi.

Zothetsera izi zimathandizanso kukumba mwaluso posunga mano a ndowa. Mwachitsanzo, pini ya mano ya chidebe ndi loko imalepheretsa mano kumasuka, kuonetsetsa kuti akugwira ntchito mosasinthasintha ngakhale atalemedwa kwambiri. Pochepetsa kung'ambika ndi kung'ambika, maloko osinthidwa makonda amathandizira kuti ntchito ziziyenda bwino komanso kuchuluka kwa zotulutsa.

Kuchepetsa Nthawi Yopuma ndi Ndalama Zosamalira

Kupuma kumasokoneza kayendedwe ka ntchito ndikuwonjezera ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Makina okhoma mano a ndowa amachepetsa zosokonezazi popereka zida zolimba zomwe zimakana kuvala ndi kuwonongeka.Zida zapamwamba kwambiri, monga zokutira za tungsten carbide ndi mapini amphamvu kwambiri, amakulitsa nthawi ya moyo wa makina otsekera, kuchepetsa nthawi zambiri zosinthidwa.

Othandizira amapindula ndi njira zosavuta zokonzera. Makina okhoma opanda nyundo amachotsa kufunikira kwa zida zapadera, zomwe zimathandiza kukhazikitsa ndikuchotsa mwachangu. Izi zimachepetsa nthawi yokonza ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina abwereranso kugwira ntchito mwachangu.

Mbali Pindulani
Zida Zolimba Kutalika kwa moyo wautali, zosintha zochepa
Makina Opanda Hammerless Kukonza mwachangu, kuchepetsa nthawi yopuma
Zojambula Zogwirizana Kudalirika kowonjezereka muzochitika zinazake

Pochepetsa kuchepa kwa nthawi, njirazi zimathandizira kuti magwiridwe antchito azigwira bwino ntchito komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zolipirira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makampani amigodi ndi ochera miyala azigawa zinthu moyenera.

Kukwaniritsa Kusunga Mtengo Wanthawi yayitali ndi ROI

Kuyika ndalama muzothetsera za loko ya ndowa kumabweretsa ndalama zambiri kwanthawi yayitali. Njira zotsekera zokhazikika zimachepetsa kufunika kosinthira pafupipafupi, kutsitsa mtengo wazinthu. Kuchita bwino komanso kuchepa kwa nthawi yocheperako kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri, kukulitsa mwayi wopeza ndalama.

Zindikirani:Makampani omwe amaika patsogolo mayankho ogwirizana nthawi zambiri amapeza kubweza mwachangu pazachuma chifukwa cha kudalirika kwa zida komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.

Pini ya mano ya chidebe chofukula ndi makina a loko amachitira chitsanzo cha mtengo uwu. Mapangidwe ake olimba amapirira mikhalidwe yoipitsitsa, kuonetsetsa kuti akugwira ntchito mosasinthasintha pakapita nthawi. Powonjezera moyo wa zida ndi kuchepetsa mtengo wokonzanso, mayankhowa amapereka phindu lalikulu lazachuma.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri Posankha Njira Yoyenera

Kuwunika Kukhalitsa ndi Ubwino Wazinthu

Kukhalitsa ndi khalidwe lakuthupindi zinthu zofunika kwambiri posankha njira zotsekera zidebe. Zida zapamwamba kwambiri zimatsimikizira kuti makina otseka amatha kupirira zovuta za migodi ndi kukumba miyala. Zopangidwa kuti zizigwira ntchito zolemetsa, monga mano a chidebe chofukula, zimapereka magwiridwe antchito apadera komanso kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali.

  • Chilichonse chimayesedwa mozama, kuphatikiza malipoti oyesa makina ndi kuwunika kwamakanema omwe akutuluka, kuti zitsimikizire mtundu ndi zowona.
  • Zida zosinthira, zopangidwira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zidebe zofukula, zimakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yamakampani, kuwonetsetsa kudalirika m'malo ovuta.

Miyezo iyi imapatsa ogwira ntchito chidaliro pakukhazikika ndi magwiridwe antchito a zida zawo, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kulephera kosayembekezereka komanso kutsika kwamitengo.

Kuwunika Kusavuta Kuyika ndi Kukonza

Kusavuta kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza kumakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito. Makina okhoma okhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito amathandizira njira yosinthira, kuchepetsa nthawi yotsika komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Makina apamwamba ngati makina a Bear-Loc® amapereka mawonekedwe apadera omwe amathandizira kuti magwiritsidwe ntchito:

Mbali/Phindu Kufotokozera
Kugwira Mphamvu Dongosolo la Bear-Loc® limatha kusunga mpaka mapaundi 4 miliyoni, kupereka mphamvu zotsekera.
Malo Opandamalire Lokoyo imatha kuyika ndodo pamalo aliwonse pambali yake, kuwonetsetsa kuti imagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana.
Zero Backlash Dongosololi limapereka zobwerera zero, kuwonetsetsa kutseka kolondola popanda chilolezo kapena kuyenda.
Moyo wautali Ambiri a Bear-Locs akhala akugwira ntchito kwazaka zambiri, zomwe zikuwonetsa kudalirika komanso kulimba.
Kusamalira ndi Kukonza York Precision imapereka ntchito zokonza akatswiri ndikusinthanso, kuwonetsetsa kuti pakhale zokonzekera bwino.

Izi zikuwonetsa momwe mapangidwe amakono amachepetsa zovuta zokonza ndikuwongolera kudalirika kwadongosolo lonse.

Kufunika Kwa Katswiri Wopereka Zinthu (mwachitsanzo, Ningbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co.,Ltd)

Ukatswiri wa ogulitsa umakhala ndi gawo lofunikira popereka mayankho apamwamba kwambiri a loko ya ndowa. Ogulitsa odalirika ngati Ningbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co., Ltd amawonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino kudzera muzopanga zapamwamba komanso kutsata mosamalitsa miyezo ya OEM.

  • Amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chochepa, kuwonetsa kudzipereka kwawo pakuchepetsa zolakwika.
  • Kuchuluka kwa zokolola zoyambira koyamba kumawonetsa kuti magawo ambiri amakwaniritsa miyezo yoyendera popanda kukonzanso.
  • Mitengo yobweretsera pa nthawi imasonyeza kudalirika kwawo pokwaniritsa nthawi yomaliza ya polojekiti.

Pogwirizana ndi othandizira odziwa zambiri, ogwira ntchito amapeza njira zopangira zida zomwe zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Ntchito Zapadziko Lonse ndi Nkhani Zakupambana

Ntchito Zapadziko Lonse ndi Nkhani Zakupambana

Nkhani Yophunzira: Kuchita Bwino Kupindula mu Ntchito Yamigodi

Kampani ina ya migodi ku South America inkakumana ndi vuto la kulephera kwa zida chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa makina otsekera mano a ndowa. Zolephera izi zidapangitsa kuti pakhale nthawi yocheperako, kuchepetsa zokolola ndikuwonjezera ndalama zosamalira. Kampaniyo idagwirizana ndi Ningbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co., Ltd kuti igwiritse ntchito njira zokhoma mano za ndowa zogwirizana ndi zosowa zawo.

Makina atsopano okhoma, opangidwa kuchokera ku ma aloyi a nickel olimba kwambiri, adapereka kukana kwapadera. Ogwira ntchito adanenanso kuti kuwonjezeka kwa 25% kwa magwiridwe antchito mkati mwa kotala yoyamba. Njira zotsekera zopanda nyundo zimalola kuti zisinthidwe mwachangu, kudula nthawi yokonza ndi theka. Kusintha kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti kampaniyo ikwaniritse zolinga zopanga nthawi zonse ndikuchepetsa ndalama zonse.

Chidziwitso:Mlanduwu ukuwonetsa momwe mayankho ogwirizana angathanirane ndi zovuta zapadera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phindu loyezeka m'malo ovuta.

Chitsanzo: Kuchepetsa Nthawi Yogwirira Ntchito Zoweta miyala

Ntchito yokumba miyala ku Ulaya inali yovuta chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa kaŵirikaŵiri chifukwa cha kufooka kwa mano a ndowa. Zosokoneza izi zidachedwetsa nthawi yantchito komanso kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Pogwiritsa ntchito makina okhoma apamwamba ochokera ku Ningbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co., Ltd, ntchitoyi idapindula kwambiri.

Mapangidwe opangidwa mwamakonda adatsimikizira kukhala otetezeka, kuletsa mano kumasuka panthawi ya ntchito zolemetsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zobwezerezedwanso kumagwirizana ndi zolinga zokhazikika za kampani ndikusunga kulimba. Zotsatira zake, nthawi yopuma idatsika ndi 40%, ndipo mitengo yomaliza ntchito idakula kwambiri.

Langizo:Kuyika ndalama m'makina otsekera odalirika sikumangowonjezera zokolola komanso kumathandizira zolinga zokhalitsa.

Maphunziro ochokera kwa Atsogoleri Amakampani Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mayankho Okhazikika

Atsogoleri amakampani amigodi ndi kukumba miyala nthawi zonse amaika patsogolo njira zotsekera mano a ndowa kuti akhalebe ndi mpikisano. Makampani ngati Ningbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co., Ltd akhazikitsa miyeso popereka zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zochokera kwa atsogoleriwa ndi izi:

  • Zatsopano zatsopano:Kugwiritsa ntchito ma alloys apamwamba kuti muwonjezere kulimba.
  • Uinjiniya wolondola:Kuonetsetsa kuti zikugwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makina.
  • Kukonza mwachangu:Kugwiritsa ntchito makina opanda nyundo kuti muchepetse kukonza.

Zochita izi zikuwonetsa kufunikira kogwiritsa ntchito mayankho oyenerera kuti akwaniritse bwino ntchito komanso kuchita bwino kwanthawi yayitali.


Mayankho a makonda a chidebe cha mano ndi ofunikira kwambiri pantchito zamigodi ndi zokumbidwa miyala. Amawonjezera mphamvu, amateteza chitetezo, komanso amachepetsa mtengo wanthawi yayitali. Mapangidwe opangidwa amatsimikizira kuti amagwirizana ndi zida zinazake, akupereka magwiridwe antchito abwino pamikhalidwe yovuta.

Zofunika Kwambiri:Kuyika ndalama pamakina otsekera apamwamba kwambiri kumachepetsa nthawi yopumira ndikukulitsa zokolola, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pantchito iliyonse.

Othandizira omwe akufuna mayankho odalirika ayenera kuganizira za ogulitsa odalirika ngatiNingbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co., Ltd, odziwika chifukwa cha ukatswiri wawo komanso kudzipereka ku khalidwe. Zopangira zawo zatsopano zimapereka kukhazikika komanso kulondola kofunikira kuti apambane m'malo ovuta.

FAQ

Kodi zokhoma mano a ndowa ndi chiyani, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani zili zofunika?

Makina otsekera mano a ndowaKuteteza mano a ndowa kwa zofukula kapena zonyamula katundu, kuteteza chitetezo panthawi yogwira ntchito. Makinawa amathandizira kudalirika kwa zida, kuchepetsa kutha, komanso kukonza chitetezo m'malo osungiramo miyala ndi miyala.


Kodi mayankho osinthidwa makonda amasiyana bwanji ndi makina otsekera wamba?

Zothetsera makondaamapangidwa mogwirizana ndi zosowa zapadera. Amapereka kukhazikika kokhazikika, kumagwirizana ndi makina osiyanasiyana, komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi machitidwe wamba.


Ndi zipangizo ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomangira mano a ndowa?

Opanga amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga tungsten carbide, nickel alloys, ndi chromium-vanadium steel. Zidazi zimapereka kukana kuvala, chitetezo cha dzimbiri, komanso mphamvu pazofunikira.


Kodi ogwira ntchito angachepetse bwanji nthawi yopuma ndi makina otseka?

Othandizira amatha kusankha makina otsekera opanda nyundo kuti akhazikitse ndikuchotsa mwachangu. Zipangizo zokhazikika ndi mapangidwe opangidwira amachepetsa kukonzanso pafupipafupi, kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito zosasokonezedwa.


Chifukwa chiyani makampani ayenera kuganizira za Ningbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co., Ltd pa maloko a mano a ndowa?

Ningbo Digtech (YH) Machinery Co., Ltd imapereka zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zokhala ndi miyezo yapamwamba yopangira. Ukadaulo wawo umatsimikizira mayankho odalirika omwe amathandizira magwiridwe antchito a zida komanso magwiridwe antchito.


Nthawi yotumiza: May-07-2025